Although we anticipate a swift ruling from the court—potentially before the end of the year—the process could extend as far as June 2026. Should the Supreme Court ultimately invalidate President Trump’s IEEPA-based tariff regime, advertising agencies should anticipate a fast-moving period of regulatory, supply-chain, and pricing volatility for clients with global exposure. A ruling against the tariffs would immediately trigger refund obligations and ignite complex disputes over who is entitled to repayment.